Histology of Circulatory System
Examine the following slide, illustrate the specified view, label the specified features. Note the function of each type of blood cell. Record the Vernier Scale addresses of each cell type. The plate numbers are in di Fiore’s Atlas of Normal Histology, 9th Ed. Histology of arteries and veins is at the bottom of this page.
Slide 1. Blood smear, human, 400x, VE: pp. 65, 67 (see also pp. 62-73.)
This slide has been stained with Wright’s stain, a complex stain containing eosin (a red stain) and methylene blue. They allow differential staining of various leukocytes.
Illustrate in a single LARGE view: five or six erythrocytes and platelets, and then at least one each of each class of leukocyte. (Scan at 100x to find the rare leukocytes, then switch to 400x) Record the location of each cell type using the Vernier scale on the mechanical stage. Fill in addresses and copy in the form at bottom of page. Give function of each class (from text or lecture).
erythrocytes most numerous, featureless pink circles
platelets numerous, small, irregular shape and size, reddish (trigger clumping)
LEUKOCYTES:
AGRANULOCYTES
Class:
lymphocyte
Appearance
round nucleus, very little cytoplasm, smallest of leukocytes
Function
immune cells, either B cells or T cells
% total leukocytes
25 – 33%
vernier fore-aft _____________________
vernier lateral ______________________
Class
monocyte
Appearance
varied nuclear shape, “like a phone receiver” more cytoplasm, largest of leukocytes
Function
immature macrophage (part of the diffuse reticuloendothelial system of the body)
% total leukocytes
3 – 7%
vernier fore-aft _____________________
vernier lateral ______________________
GRANULOCYTES
Class
neutrophil
Appearance
numerous, pale cytoplasm, distinct multiple nuclear lobes also called polymorphonucleocytes = PMNs.
Function
major class of phagocytes, kill with H2O2, attract other phagocytes
% total leukocytes
57 – 67%
vernier fore-aft _____________________
vernier lateral ______________________
Class
eosinophil
Appearance
reddish granules in cytoplasm, nucleus bilobed
Function
phagocytose Ag-Ab complexes
% total leukocytes
1 – 3%
vernier fore-aft _____________________
vernier lateral ______________________
Class
basophil
Appearance
cytoplasmic grains dark blue, less numerous, lobes less distinct, larger
Function
Similar to mast cells, contain histamine and heparin
% total leukocytes
0.5 – 1%
vernier fore-aft _____________________
vernier lateral ______________________
Other images of leukocytes
basophil:
eosinophils:
monocyte:
neutrophils:
Slide 2. Artery and vein (H1750) p. 113 & 115, 100x: endothelium
Contrasting histology of arteries and veins (See Martini’s 5th: p 693):
TISSUE LAYERS
tunica intima
ARTERY
endothelium (a simple squamous epithelium), attached to internal elastic lamina
VEIN
endothelium
TISSUE LAYERS
tunica media
ARTERY
smooth muscle, a thick band, attached to the external elastic lamina
VEIN
smooth muscle, a thin band
TISSUE LAYERS
tunica externa
ARTERY
adventitia with vasovasorum
VEIN
adventitia with vasovasorum
Here is a labeled view of an artery and a vein which contrasts their composition.
Arteries are thicker walled, have a smaller diameter, and hold themselves open. Veins are larger diameteres, thinner walled, and “floppier.”
You can also see adipose tissue and, in the upper right, two nerves.
This is a 100x view of an artery. Note again its open lumen and thick wall.
At 400x, the artery displays the internal elastic lamina, the thick tunica media, composed of smooth muscle, and the outermost adventitia or tunica externa. Red blood cells can be seen in the lumen.
A 400x view of a vein shows little evidence of elasticity of the tunica intima, and a sparce amount of tunica media
Label the following in your illustrations of an artery and vein:
internal elastic lamina
tunica media
tunica adventitia
adipose tissue
VERNIER SCALE ADDRESS OF LEUKOCYTES
Fill in this table, and place in the slide box:
Vernier scale leukocyte addresses form:
Record slide set number, the addresses, your name and the date. Place in the slide box
Slide Set:______ | Fore/Aft | Lateral |
neutrophil
|
||
basophil
|
||
eosinophil
|
||
lymphocyte
|
||
monocyte
|
||
Student: ______________________Date:________ |