Durres

Durres is an active Albanian port from which we took to ferry to Bari, Italy.

Istanbul to Rome: Images of Macedonia

Hagia Sophia, Istanbul

Piazza di Republica, Rome

These pictures were taken during a whirlwind ten days traversing through Macedonia from Istanbul to Durres Albania, then by ferry across to Bari Italy, and train to Roma.

We will have MUCH more to say about our experiences, but I must first say that we continue to be impressed and gratified at the hospitality and generosity of people we meet around the world.  Macedonians have a rich cultural history and have done well at preserving it.

Click on the image to enlarge it OR click on the text to reveal an additional photo gallery:

 

 

Istanbul: Ancient Churches & Mosques

 

 

 

 

 

Northern Greece

 

 

 

 

 

Bitola: Southern Macedonia

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brajcino

 

 

 

 

 

Ohrid

 

 

 

 

 

Struga

 

 

 

 

 

Elbasan, Albania

 

 

 

 

 

Durres, Albania

 

 

 

 

 

Roma, Italy

 

 

 

Roma

Roma… What compliments can one offer that haven’t been already lavished on this incredible city.

Making Mascarpone at Home

Mascarpone originated around 1600 in Lombardy of North Italy Southwest of Milan. Some say the name came from “mas que bueno” (Spanish for “more than good”) when the Spanish ruled Italy. It is made from light cream (~25% butterfat) which has been heated and thickened by the addition of tartaric acid to product a rich creamy product which is spreadable. By the way, as we heard it pronounced in Italy, a friend of Italian descent urged me to point out that the correct Italian pronunciation is “mahs-car-PO-nay.”

I have learned with the assistance of readers of these pages, that tartaric acid is found in the sediment of fermented wine along with settled yeast. The word tartar may come from the Arabic word durd meaning dregs. It was also possibly harvested off the sides of wine kegs, formed as an encrustation.

Mascarpone can be used alone or with sugar added. Perhaps it is most famous as an ingredient in tiramisu, the Italian “rocket fuel” coffee-flavored cake. It is often used in place of butter to thicken and enrich rissoti.

Ingredients

• One quart of “light cream,” 25% butterfat (900 mL)
  Light cream can range between 18 and 30% butterfat. For mascarpone, it should contain 25% butterfat. I mix 16 oz heavy cream with 16 oz half and half.
  
• 1/4 teaspoon tartaric acid
  Or 1/2 tsp Acid Blend from L.D. Carlson, available at wine making supply houses or 2 Tbl lemon juice.

Equipment

• Stainless steel double boiler with lid
• Thermometer, reading in the 185 F or 85 C range
• Sterile handkerchief sterilized by boiling and hanging to dry thoroughly
• 1 quart bowl to catch the whey

Procedure

1) Warm 32 ounces (900 mL) of 25% butterfat light cream in a stainless steel double boiler to 185 degrees Fahrenheit (85 Celsius). See the next two steps to produce 25% BF cream by combining equal volumes of “half and half” (~11%) and heavy whipping cream (35% BF)

2) Measure out 16 ounces (450 mL) of half and half (10.5% to 12% butterfat)

3) Add to the heavy whipping cream (35% butterfat) in the double boiler. Heat gently to 185 F (85 C).

4) Meanwhile, dissolve acid crystals in 2 tablespoons of fresh water: either : 1/4th tsp of tartaric acid or (as here): 1/2 tsp Acid Blend from L.D. Carlson * See below for use of lemon juice.

5) Continue to heat the cream until it is 85 C.

6) Stir the dissolved acid into the 85 C cream with thorough stirring. You should notice that the cream thickens slightly almost immediately.

7) Be sure the mixture is thoroughly mixed.

8) Cover and hold the temperature at 85 C for five minutes, with occasional stirring.

9) After five minutes, the mixture will have thickened somewhat.

10) Cover and place the thickened cream in the refrigerator overnight to cool thoroughly.

11) The next morning, the mixture will have further thickened, with traces of whey separating out from the creamy mass.

12) Place a sterile handkerchief in a strainer over a bowl. (Sterilize the handkerchief by boiling and hanging it to dry in the sun.)

13) Transfer the mixture into the sterile handkerchief.

14) Draw together the four corners of the cloth, use a heavy rubberband to tie the corners securely together.

15) Suspend the product in the refrigerator overnight to drain thoroughly.

16) The next day, remove the assembly from the fridge and open the cloth.

Here is what the finished mascarpone looks like. You are allowed to take a taste… YUM.

18) Place in a container which seals tightly. Use immediately for optimum flavor, but it may be stored in the fridge for up to a week or two.

Note:

I have received an email from Fil and Pat in Quebec which reports that mascarpone was originally made with lemon juice. I now doubt the authenticity of this, but have wondered where ancient Italians would have gotten tartaric acid… (See intro above.) I have calculated that 1/4 teaspoonful of tartaric acid should be equivalent to approximately 2 tablespoonfuls (30 mL) of lemon juice. Fil and Pat (and others) report back that 2 Tbl in a quart of 18% butterfat cream made perfect mascarpone! Yea.